clark



` fBe it knownthatl, WILLIAM irunsre'rns rarnnrorrron.

@p11 1 wiLLiAM maar, on ALEXANDRIA, vlaams.

vnuclrnarrivcf RAILROAD-eens. Y

"Specieatiaaz @f meer@ mehr No: iasadaed May s, una4 To allzu/tom it may Concern.'

` PAULI, of the city'and countyof Alexandria and State of Virginia, have invented certain new and 2 useful Improvements in Ventilating Rail- 1 roadCars; and Ido hereby declare that the vfollowing is a full, clear, and exact :descrip-` tion thereof, `reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of `reference markedthereon."

` The nature of my improvement` consists Vlinthe creation of an artificial `draft of air through theca-rs bymeans of a hood upon" the roofthereof, to `which isconnected de- Vscending tubes or` pipes delivering the air at `the lower portion of the car body and from u which rising it is directed therefrom by a stationary glazed ,i frame, placed a short, distancefrom the outside of the sash usually employed in giving] light-,and air. By means i of the `draft thusleaving the cars by an upward current the ldlust" isf effectually prei i vented from` entering, and from `the ends and lower` portion lof the outside sashbeing made close or tight there@` can be no air or Clust admitted at these "points, while `the air `leaving the, car as above stated` necessarily i, carries off with itthe `more highly heated and impure portions thereof. The hoods, i viz, the one having connection with the d`escendingtubes, and `those having immediate connection with the upperportion of the car combined with those opening at the lower i parts of the cars, may be `provided with suitable wire gauzeuor other mat-erialxif deemed necessary;` Theadvantages. of this improvement willbe apparent, when it is taken into consideration, that any f and all air, entering the cars will escape over the sash guards on the side, `and :should it be desirable in winter to close"`entirely` the fopenings in front, by `lowering the shutter of that hood the rear `one maybeleft open, and thus an escape be obtainedf` through its agency. These double `sash alsoproduce a-beneficial effect in winter, asall `directl draft into the oars when an inside sash is raised is prevented and when those inside ones are kept closed, the temperature of the cars is more effectually kept up; The `roof of the lcars may be projected sufficiently far beyond the out-side sash, `solas to prevent the cinders when heavy, from fallingbetween this outside sash and the inside ones, the greater portio-nof dust that entersthe cars, passes upwards upon the sides thereof, flowing in at the lower edge of the opening, this is effectually prevented Vby the close connection of the outside, or guard sash and the side of the cars, sothat any dust entering an` open window must necessarily pass through the strong. outward current of air, indicated by the arrows in Figure 2.

In the drawings A, A, represent the sides of the cars provided with the ordinary openings and sliding sash to close them.

\ B, is the roof of the car.

c, c, are hoods formed of metal' or other suitable material. These are placed on the ends of the roof; and may be provided with, shutters to close the hoods.

D, D, are tubes for conveying the air received inthe hoods "to the floor of the car, the body of which it enters by a longitudi- `nal opening a; in the caps over doors and ends" of the cars, delivering it near the floor.

All of thesetubes may have suitable regl ister's for controlling thepassage of air.

F, F, are guard sash, formed of suitable 'frames and'glazed; theyare united closely with'the sides of the` cars at their ends and `lower "edge, and being set at an angle inclining `from the bottom to the top of the ear, an opening is allowed lat thetop of the guard sash for the exit of air from the cars,

when the inside sash are raised.

In Fig. 2, which is a central cross section of the body of the car, hood, and descendingpipes or tubes, also the guard sash F, F, are shown in section; in this drawing the intervening current of air is shown by descending darts, while the eXit thereof is shown by darts ascending, passing through b, the ordinary sash window and over the top o-f guard F.

To prevent the dust from entering the hoods or caps below them, there may be placed a sheet of cloth or other suitable substance extending from the lower edge of the cap of one car to that of another, and thus any rising dust between the two cars will be prevent-ed from entering.

`I am aware that the ventilation of cars by a bonnet and conducting tubes is not new, neither is the deflection of air on the outside by hinged sash new, as both these methods have been used, but without accomplishing the object, inasmuch as the air is drawn or sucked in when a window is opened rather than being blown in, and with the air the dust as before observed pases in the opening.

Having described my improvement What I Claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,

The arrangement of guard sash F F on 5 the sides of the cars in Connection With descending tubes D D and hood C, upon the top thereof, by Which the dust is prevented from entering a Window when opened, While the exit of the air and ventilation of the car l is not affected by said guard sash, substan- 1o tially in the manner as described.

In testimony Wherof I have hereunto signed my name before two subscribing Witnesses.

WM. PAULI. Witnesses:

JOI-IN F. CLARK, W. S. CLARK. 

